Major International Business Headlines Brief ::: 16 September 2025

Tue Sep 16 12:07:58 CAT 2025

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Major International Business Headlines Brief :::  16  September  2025 

 <mailto:info at bulls.co.zw> 

ü  Nigeria: Mafias Are Out to Kill My Refinery - Dangote

ü  South Africa: City Power Vows to Root Out Corruption

ü  Nigeria: Agency Orders Removal of Six Blocks of Flats in Abuja Over
Structural Defects

ü  South Africa: Karoo Learners Participate in International Robotics
Competition

ü  Liberia: Mira Gas Explosion Injures Workers, Triggers Safety Probe

ü  Nigeria: Kano-Maradi Rail Project Now At 60% Completion - Tinubu

ü  Africa: Inequality in Africa - What Drives It, How to End It and What
Some Countries Are Getting Right

ü  Liberian Petroleum Terminal Owners Call for Immediate Action

ü  Nigeria: Gov Alia Cautions Traditional Rulers Against Issuing Mining
Permits Without Govt's Approval

ü  Africa: United Nations Revises 2026 Regular Budget Proposal, Pairing Cost
Reductions With Initial Reform Measures

ü  Nigeria: Dangote Refinery Launches Cng-Powered Trucks, Dismisses NUPENG's
Monopoly Claim

ü  Nigeria: Labour Party Supports Legal Backing for Electronic Election
Results

ü  Nigeria: We Ended 50 Years of Fuel Queues in Nigeria - Dangote Refinery

ü  Nigeria: Federal Government Halts 4% FoB Customs Levy Over Trade
Facilitation, Inflation Concerns

ü  Nigeria's Inflation Rate Eases to 20.12% in August - NBS

 <mailto:info at bulls.co.zw> 

Nigeria: Mafias Are Out to Kill My Refinery - Dangote

President/Chief Executive, Dangote Petroleum Refinery, Aliko Dangote,
yesterday, alleged that oil mafias are all out to kill his $20billion
refinery the same way they killed Nigeria's textile industry.

He spoke at the refinery on Monday on the first anniversary of gasoline
production, saying the journey has been rough in the last one year.

He said: "The past one year has been a very rough journey, I must confess.
It wasn't an easy journey because we came in to change the narratives. We
came in to change the system of how things have been done in the downstream
sector. We have people who are used to rents' collection. We have people who
believe we have removed food from their tables.

"But it's not that we removed food from their table, it's just that we made
our country and our continent very proud because all the countries in Africa
import petroleum products. Two were not importing before, but, right now,
they've joined the queue, they're importing. All the refineries in South
Africa, only one is working; they've actually destroyed them. The
international traders and the local marketers all connive to suffocate any
refinery."

He dismissed insinuations that the refinery lacks the capacity to produce
and supply fuel for the country.

"If we don't have the capacity, why are we exporting," he asked.

According to him, the refinery has exported not less than 1.8billion litres
in the last three months.

"We have the capacity. If we don't have the capacity, then why are we
exporting because the dumping process is massive. It's not small. It's the
same way they used in killing textiles that they want to use in killing us,"
he said.

How we ended 50 years fuel queues

Dangote declared that since the refinery began producing petrol a year ago,
Nigeria's five-decade-long struggle with fuel queues has finally come to an
end.

Dangote highlighted that Nigerians have endured persistent fuel queues since
1975. However, this issue has been steadily resolved since the refinery
began rolling out petrol on September 15, 2024.

"We have been battling fuel queues since 1975, but today Nigerians are
witnessing a new era," he said.

Acknowledging the numerous challenges the refinery has faced since its
inception, Dangote emphasised the company's unwavering commitment to Nigeria
and Africa.

"The journey has been challenging because we sought to transform the
downstream sector in Nigeria. Some believed we were taking food from their
tables, which simply isn't true. What we have done is to make our country
and continent proud. Previously, only two African countries were not
importing petrol, but regrettably, they have since resumed imports. This is
detrimental to Africa," he added.

Reflecting on the challenges faced during the refinery's development,
Dangote disclosed that the project involved enormous risk.

He stated that he received repeated warnings from industry experts,
investors, local and foreign government officials, who argued that only
sovereign nations undertook such large-scale refinery ventures. He admitted
that had the project failed, he would have lost all his assets to lenders.

"The decision to build the refinery was not easy. If it had gone wrong,
lenders would have taken our assets. But we believed in Nigeria and Africa,"
he said.

Despite opposition and economic headwinds, the refinery has successfully
reduced the price of petrol from nearly N1,100 before production began to
N841 in the South West, Abuja, Delta, Rivers, Edo, and Kwara.

With the gradual rollout of CNG-powered trucks, Dangote anticipates this
price reduction will soon be felt nationwide.

He noted that the refinery has sufficient capacity to meet Nigeria's
domestic demand while also generating foreign exchange through exports.

'N1.8bn litres exported in three months'

He revealed that between June and first week of September 2025, the facility
had exported over 1.1 billion litres of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS),
underscoring its capacity to meet domestic demand and contribute
significantly to foreign exchange earnings.

Emphasising job creation, he stated that the refinery has no intention of
displacing workers but is instead generating thousands of new employment
opportunities. The deployment of 4,000 CNG-powered trucks is expected to
create at least 24,000 jobs across Nigeria.

"We have not displaced any jobs; we are creating many more. The CNG trucks
will not be operated by robots," he said.

"Our employees earn salaries three times the minimum wage. Our drivers
receive a living wage, life insurance, health insurance covering themselves,
their spouses, and up to four children, as well as a lifelong pension. We
are not only employing drivers but also mechanics, fleet managers, and other
professionals to support the CNG fleet," he added.

Dangote clarified that while the company respects trade unions, membership
is a personal choice for each driver.

He reaffirmed his commitment to Nigeria's industrialisation, describing it
as essential for the continent's development.

Dangote emphasised the urgent need for Nigeria to protect its local
industries and discourage the dumping of cheap foreign goods, citing the
collapse of the once-thriving textile sector as a cautionary example.

He noted that Nigeria's path to sustainable economic growth lies in
industrialisation, which not only boosts local productivity but also
supports a circular economy.

"Other nations were not industrialised by outsiders. We must build and
industrialise our own economies. Without this, how can others invest? That
is why I believe the National Assembly should enact legislation to support
the Federal Government's 'Nigeria First' policy.

"My goal is to see Africa prosper, as we have the fastest-growing population
in the world. Relying on imports means exporting jobs and importing poverty.
Many individuals with greater financial resources than myself want to
invest, but the challenges we face discourage them. Numerous sectors are
still in urgent need of industrialisation," he said

Fuel is cheaper in Nigeria

He maintained that petrol is cheaper in Nigeria because the refinery was
making sacrifices.

"People don't know that we're actually sacrificing a lot because the crude
we're buying through the naira-for-crude deal, we are not allowed to export
it. We're only to process it and supply it to Nigeria. And, at a time, when
Mele Kyari was there, they were even jerking up the price. We even paid a $6
premium to Brent when the Russian one is selling at $20. So, how do you
compete with that?," he stated.

The billionaire disclosed that 85 per cent of the petrol going to the
Republic of Benin is from the informal sector through smuggling.

"It's coming from Nigeria. We are the only next neighbour, there is no
anybody that will go anywhere to import. So, that's still smuggling. And I
can understand why sometimes people will now fight what we are doing. These
are the drawbacks that we face during this period, but we go ahead," he
stressed.

On the allegations that he sells fuel cheaper to international traders,
Dangote disclosed that the mafia forced him to lower his price when
exporting.

"And one of the issues is that we sometimes even export a little bit cheaper
than the cost that we sell for the domestic market, that's not so. We were
getting suffocated, you sell us crude, charge us a premium, (which is still
happening today), and then we compete with Russian subsidised products. And
then, the only way for us to keep that refinery going is we have to sell.
And when we are going to sell, the same team, part of the mafia, will now
price us low. So, we sell a bit low, because we have to survive. That's what
is happening," Dangote clarified.

'Give Nigerians your own french gift', Dangote mocks NUPENG

He mocked the Nigeria Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas Workers (NUPENG)
for warning Nigerians against accepting Dangote Refinery's recent fuel price
reduction.

Dangote had announced lower petrol pump prices in several states alongside a
new scheme to deploy compressed natural gas (CNG) trucks directly to filling
stations, a move expected to reduce logistics costs.

But NUPENG dismissed the offer as a "Greek gift," alleging that the refinery
was undermining workers' rights, sidelining the union, and pushing drivers
into a rival association.

Netizens heavily lampooned the union querying that during hard times, NUPENG
never supported the masses.

Dangote took a swipe at the union over its criticism.

"They said we gave Nigerians a Greek gift, why don't you give the French
one. Even if it's a Greek gift, it means that it is a gift and will still be
there all the time," he said.

He also addressed controversy surrounding the new CNG trucks initiative
rolled out by the refinery, saying more jobs would be created through the
direct fuel distribution scheme.

At least 24,000 jobs will be created through the initiative, Dangote said.

Refinery rolls out CNG trucks for fuel distribution

The Dangote Petroleum Refinery has officially rolled out over 1,000
Compressed Natural Gas-powered trucks for its direct distribution of Premium
Motor Spirit (PMS).

The refinery announced in August that it had received the first batch of its
4000 CNG-powered trucks for the fuel distribution programme, which was
initially set to commence on August 15.

The refinery had said the decision to adopt direct fuel distribution was to
reduce dependency on third-party carriers for fuel distribution in Nigeria.

Anthony Chiejina, group head of corporate communications, Dangote Group, on
Monday at the refinery, told newsmen that the adoption is a transition from
"an old to a new order."

He spoke at the refinery's gantry where loading of about six CNG trucks were
demonstrated to the newsmen.

"You can see the trucks, the difference is clear. We have 1,000 here and
about 500 at the port. The rest are coming. So, by the end of the month we
would get the 4,000 CNG trucks here.

"That's a big transformation, within one year we have been able to transit
from old to the new one," Chiejina said.

Read the original article on Daily Trust.

South Africa: City Power Vows to Root Out Corruption

City Power has reaffirmed its commitment to rooting out corruption,
including its employees linked to stealing and tampering with
infrastructure, reports EWN. This comes after three employees were arrested
for allegedly cutting through core copper cables in Ruimsig earlier this
year. City power spokesperson Isaac Mangane said such acts of sabotage,
whether by syndicates or staff, undermine service delivery and leave paying
customers in the dark. He said that areas like Roodepoort have suffered
repeated cable thefts and vandalism, resulting in prolonged power outages
that City Power is determined to prevent.

Ramaphosa Urges ANC Councillors to Learn from DA-Run Municipalities

President Cyril Ramaphosa has urged African National Congress (ANC)
councillors to emulate municipalities governed by the Democratic Alliance
(DA), reports SABC News.  Speaking at the FNB Stadium in Johannesburg, he
outlined the ANC's new service delivery action plan, adopted at the party's
NEC meeting, as part of preparations for the 2026 local elections. He
conceded that South Africa's best-run municipalities are those governed by
the DA. He urged councillors to study successful examples like Cape Town and
Stellenbosch to improve governance and service delivery.

Patriotic Alliance Names Suspended Deputy Kenny Kunene as Johannesburg
Mayoral Candidate

The Patriotic Alliance (PA) has named its deputy president, Kenny Kunene, as
its mayoral candidate for Johannesburg, reports EWN. This is despite
Kunene's current suspension pending an investigation over his suspected ties
with alleged crime underworld figure Katiso "KT" Molefe. Kunene was found at
Molefe's Sandton home during a police raid linked to the murder of musician
Oupa Sefoka, known as DJ Sumbody. PA leader Gayton McKenzie, speaking during
a Facebook live, said the party's internal investigation into Kunene is at
an advanced stage. He insisted Kunene would still stand as their candidate,
praising his past work as a Johannesburg councillor.

More South African news

Nigeria: Agency Orders Removal of Six Blocks of Flats in Abuja Over
Structural Defects

The FCT Emergency Management Department said the buildings under
construction failed the integrity test, raising concerns about their safety.

Due to structural defects, the FCT Emergency Management Department (FEMD)
has initiated the removal of six blocks of two-storey buildings at Angel
Martin Estate, Pyakasa Airport Road, Abuja.

Acting Director-General of FEMD, Abdulrahman Mohammed, disclosed this in a
statement in Abuja on Monday, while highlighting the potential dangers posed
by the structurally unsound building.

Keep up with the latest headlines on WhatsApp | LinkedIn

He said the buildings, which are under construction, failed the integrity
test, raising concerns about their safety.

He explained that the decision to remove the buildings follows the collapse
of a retaining wall at the estate's security post, which injured the
security guard on duty.

Mr Mohammed expressed concerns that the buildings, constructed on a hill,
could collapse and affect other nearby structures if not removed. To
mitigate this risk, the agency has notified the Department of Development
Control to commence the removal of the structures immediately.

The FEMD boss urged developers to adhere strictly to building codes to
prevent incidents of building collapse. He also reminded residents to use
the 112 emergency toll-free number in case of disasters.

"We cannot stress enough the importance of following building codes and
ensuring structural integrity. We urge developers to prioritise safety and
take necessary precautions to prevent such incidents," he said.

Mr Mohammed said the removal of the six blocks of flats is expected to
commence soon, and FEMD will continue to monitor the situation to ensure
public safety.

Collapsed buildings in Abuja

In the last few years, there have been increasing cases of collapsed
buildings in Abuja.

In August, a three-story building collapsed in the Lifecamp area of the
federal capital.Reports said a Nigerien, Aliyu Salisu, was trapped under the
rubble for nearly 10 hours before he was rescued in the early hours of
Sunday.

In December 2024, the popular Samsung building, located at Banex Junction,
Aminu Kano Crescent, Wuse 2, collapsed, injuring four workers.According to
the Head of Public Affairs for the FCT Emergency Management Department,
Nkechi Isa, the incident occurred when the penthouse segment of the
three-storey building collapsed during casting.

Earlier in October, about seven people died in a building that collapsed in
the Sabon Lugbe area of the Nigerian capital, while many others sustained
injuries.

Read the original article on Premium Times.

South Africa: Karoo Learners Participate in International Robotics
Competition

Two teams from Carnarvon High School took part in the World Robot Olympiad
Open Championship in Slovenia

Learners from Carnarvon High School, Northern Cape, traveled to Ljubljana,
Slovenia, earlier this month to represent South Africa in the World Robot
Olympiad Open Championship.

The competition hosted over 200 teams from around the world. The students
have two minutes to programme a robot to autonomously traverse obstacles and
solve missions. They use LEGO and robotic materials.

Keep up with the latest headlines on WhatsApp | LinkedIn

Two teams from the Northern Cape participated, with the youngest learner
aged 14, the oldest 17. The one team, the Automation Avengers, came 14th in
the senior division and received a silver medal. The other team, the Circuit
Breakers, was placed 28th and received bronze.

"One of the kids - she's from a very, very small place - when we arrived
there, she said she couldn't believe that she had traveled so far, and that
she was now in another continent, another country," said Chantel Mathison,
South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) school professional
officer.

SARAO supports the Carnarvon High School program and funds robotics
programmes in eight other Northern Cape schools.

Mathison said she was happy with the students' performance. Few teams were
from African countries.

Odwa Magabuko, SARAO robotics schools programme coordinator and a judge at
the competition, said it's a struggle in South Africa to get learners
interested in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)
careers. A key motivation behind SARAO is to bridge the educational divide
in schools by exposing rural learners to today's technology and innovation.

Carnarvon High in the Karoo is the closest school to the Square Kilometre
Array (SKA) telescope, also an initiative of SARAO.

"We want to try and make sure that the learners and kids that are growing up
in the small towns can end up being the astronauts and scientists behind the
whole project," Magabuko said.

Competing at a high profile event built up the learners' confidence,
Mathison said. The programme helps learners, many of whom come from broken
households, to recognise one another's strengths and persevere through
challenges.

Jeanine Mathison runs daily afternoon sessions, helping learners with
programming and research. She says it's amazing to see how the learners'
robotics skills have developed.

"We want to show to learners that the world is evolving and that they can be
the future engineers," says Mathison. "And it doesn't matter where you are
from, you are able to achieve great things in life."

Read the original article on GroundUp.

Liberia: Mira Gas Explosion Injures Workers, Triggers Safety Probe

MONROVIA -- A powerful explosion Monday at Mira Gas Inc. in the Freeport
Community of District 13, Montserrado County, left more than a dozen workers
injured and prompted an official investigation into safety practices at the
liquefied petroleum gas distributor.

Witnesses reported hearing a deafening blast from inside the compound,
followed by cries for help. Some residents initially mistook the sound for
activity at nearby industrial sites.

"At first when I heard the sound, I thought it came from Cemenco, but it was
from this fence," said Marthalin Johnson, a neighbor.

Company sources said the blast occurred during a filling process overseen by
a supervisor identified only as Melvin. One worker alleged that improper
handling of a transfer pipe triggered the explosion and that the lack of an
emergency exit worsened casualties.

Injuries and Response

Reports varied on the number of victims, with some residents and workers
claiming more than 18 were hurt. Authorities confirmed several were taken to
John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Sinkor, while others were rushed to
different health facilities.

Dozens of residents gathered at the scene demanding to know whether lives
had been lost. "We want see, we want see," they chanted as police blocked
access, citing ongoing hazards inside the facility. District 13 Rep. Edward
Papy Flomo arrived to calm the crowd.

Investigation Underway

Officials of the Environmental Protection Agency began probing the site
alongside the Liberia National Police and the Liberia National Fire Service.

Inspector General R. Baiyezinah Brown confirmed the investigation but urged
patience. "We have not concluded the preliminary investigation to provide
the press the necessary information within 24 hours," he told reporters.

Brown dismissed speculation about fatalities. "I didn't see any dead body
when I went in there," he said, echoing similar remarks by Edwin Tisdell,
deputy for operations at the fire service.

Confusion and Company Silence

Conflicting reports deepened public concern. Tisdell initially told
reporters that seven workers were injured, but employees insisted the number
was closer to 20.

Mira Gas, which has built a strong presence in Monrovia supplying households
and businesses with bottled gas and refilling services, has yet to issue an
official statement. Management said it will address the incident publicly at
a later date.

Read the original article on Liberian Investigator.

Nigeria: Kano-Maradi Rail Project Now At 60% Completion - Tinubu

President Bola Tinubu has revealed that the Kano-Maradi rail project which
was five per cent completed when he came to power in 2023 is now inching
towards 60 per cent completion.

President Tinubu made the disclosure in Abuja at the 2nd International
Railway Conference & Expo 2025 in Abuja, with the theme: "Opportunities and
Challenges in Railway Development in Africa."

He noted: "By 2050, we will be the third most populous nation on earth. We
will surpass the United States, and our population will hit four hundred and
forty million people,"

"Hence, railway will become the bridge between our agricultural commodities
and the rest of the world, while serving as the most reliable means of mass
transportation for our people which is why the world has remained committed
to railway services because they represent more than a month's worth of
transport.

"They have proven to be the backbone of industrialisation," he said.

The President emphasised that the agenda of his administration is shaped by
the urgent need to reduce the burden on our roads

"This is why our ongoing modernisation projects of Lagos to Kano, Kano to
Maradi, and Petrako to Maidugui are designed with open doors for private
sector participation. We must ensure not only timely completion, but also
sustainability and efficient utilisation of these projects.

"I am happy to note that upon the takeover of the present administration,
the Kano- Maradi rail project was 5 per cent completed. Now we are inching
towards 60 per cent completion," he added.

The President further stated that "Our aspiration is for a nationwide
industry that can convey their products to the market and where raw
materials can move seamlessly from primary producers to industries without
hindrance."

On his part, the host, Minister of Transport, Said Alkali cited the recent
Federal Executive Council (FEC's) approval of the construction of one
ultra-modern bus terminal across six geopolitical zones in Nigeria, adding
that the development will enhance public safety and the welfare of "our
passengers."

Alkali said the railway represents a platform for national integration and
unity, presenting enormous market opportunities, adding that the Nigerian
government is well positioned to provide leadership aimed at fast-tracking
effective public-private partnerships and investment in the sector.

On his part, the Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Senator
George Akume, noted that the project is an integrated conference of
high-speed rail, power generation and transmission, energy infrastructure,
and digital platforms, which solidify these priorities and offer significant
opportunities for inclusive growth and national integration.

Read the original article on Daily Trust.

Africa: Inequality in Africa - What Drives It, How to End It and What Some
Countries Are Getting Right

The relationship between inequality and economic growth is a complex one,
especially in Africa. Inequality is the result of a host of factors,
including policy choices, institutional legacies and power structures that
favour elites. Professor Imraan Valodia, director of the Southern Centre for
Inequality Studies spoke to Ernest Aryeetey, emeritus professor of
Development Economics at the Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic
Research, University of Ghana about the issues.

What policy choices have African governments made that have worsened
inequality?

Firstly, structural adjustment policies. Many African countries undertook
these during the late 20th century, often encouraged by international
financial institutions. These policies included public sector retrenchments,
the removal of subsidies, and reduced social services. They
disproportionately affected the poor by weakening the state's role in
redistributing public goods, and limiting access to essential services.

The programmes also increased income inequality by choosing free markets
over social protection. Later efforts to address the consequences were often
"too little, too late."

Secondly, taxation and fiscal policies. Most tax systems in Africa have
relied on indirect taxes (such as VAT or consumption taxes) rather than
progressive, direct taxes on income and wealth. As a result, poorer
households often bear a heavier relative tax burden while the wealthiest
benefit from exemptions or evasion.

Early post-independence taxation rarely did much to redistribute wealth, and
efforts to tax the informal sector have been minimal or poorly designed.
They have failed to capture significant resources for social spending.

Thirdly, education and healthcare investment. Policy choices have often
perpetuated access gaps between urban and rural populations and among
socioeconomic classes. Investments tended to favour cities and privileged
groups, so that not everyone had the same opportunities. This "urban bias"
in public spending reinforced existing inequalities. Rural people's needs
remained unmet.

Fourthly, weak social protection. Until the expansion of more comprehensive
schemes in the 2000s, many Africans were left poor and vulnerable, without
adequate safety nets.

Fifth, economic structures favour elites. African governments have often
maintained or even reinforced economic structures that concentrate wealth
and opportunity for just a few. Examples include policies favouring
extractive industries or resource sectors controlled by politically
connected groups. Land tenure, trade policies and access to state contracts
and licences have frequently favoured the powerful.

Sixth, limited regional and gender inclusion. Early public policies rarely
met the needs of women, youth, rural areas, or marginalised regions.
Exclusion from land ownership or financial services, and limited emphasis on
affirmative action, reinforced systemic inequalities. Only in recent decades
have some governments begun to address these gaps, but progress remains
uneven.

Are these choices linked to the capture of public policy by elites?

Yes. Privileged groups have often shaped or manipulated state policies in
ways that protect their interests and reinforce inequality.

Colonial and postcolonial legacy. Policies and institutions established
during and after colonialism often allocated resources and power to a narrow
elite, either colonial settlers, expatriates or local collaborators. Today's
elites inherited and sustained many of these structures. They still control
wealth, land, and market opportunities.

Economic structure and resource control. Many African economies remain
oriented around extractive industries and primary commodities such as oil
and minerals. Policies around resource extraction, trade and land tenure
have often favoured elites through preferential access, tax exemptions and
regulatory loopholes.

Policy design and fiscal choices. The design of tax systems has typically
favoured indirect taxes (like VAT). These do not affect elite wealth.
Efforts to tax high incomes, property or capital gains are underdeveloped or
easily evaded.

Read more: Tax season in South Africa: the system is designed to tackle
inequality - how it falls short

Social protection and service delivery. Safety nets and public goods (like
quality education, healthcare, or infrastructure) often target formal sector
workers or urban residents (where elites reside). They neglect the informal
sector, rural poor and marginalised groups.

Political patronage and governance. State resources, positions and contracts
go to loyalists, family members, or ethnic/regional networks.

What have been the 3 biggest inequality drivers?

Firstly, regressive fiscal policies. These include broad based taxes such as
transaction levies and VAT. They take a larger share of low income earners'
cash flows. Wealthier groups benefit from exemptions or low tax rates.

Secondly, rapid, elite led privatisation and market liberalisation. Selling
state assets or opening key sectors (energy, telecoms and transport) to
politically connected investors concentrates profits and market power.
Informal workers and small firms are left with reduced earnings.

Patronage, corruption and political capture keep things that way.

Thirdly, under-investment in universal social services. Cuts to health,
education and social safety nets limit upward mobility for the poor and
maintain regional and gender gaps.

Lastly, resource dependence and economic structure. Many African economies
focus on industries like oil, minerals and cash crops. These benefit
political and business elites but don't diversify industries or create jobs.
The benefits of growth go mostly to the already privileged. Most citizens
and entire regions are excluded.

Which countries have managed best to change this?

Rwanda has a progressive income tax structure. Low value mobile money
transactions are exempt from tax. Key utilities such as electricity and
water remain largely public, which has reduced the impact of taxes on the
poor.

Rwanda has also made efforts towards inclusive governance. Examples include
quotas for women, investments in health and education, and a focus on rural
inclusion.

Botswana has pursued a cautious privatisation agenda. The state retains
majority ownership in diamonds, telecoms and banking. Revenues were
channelled into universal primary education and health.

Despite its dependence on diamonds, it does well at channelling resource
wealth into national savings, infrastructure and public services. This while
maintaining relatively high institutional quality and political stability.

Ethiopia, pre 2020 reforms which saw the role of the private sector being
broadened.

Before then, the country had focused on massive public investment in primary
education, health extension services and rural road networks. At the same
time it avoided large scale privatisation of basic utilities. This limited
the social service gap.

In addition, it has invested in manufacturing and export-led growth. This
has generated jobs and gradually shifted the economy away from depending on
primary commodities. Inequality has reduced compared to resource-dependent
peers.

Have technology advances affected inequality differently on the continent?

Yes.

Technology has the potential to reduce inequality by expanding access to
markets, services, information and financial inclusion. But gaps in digital
infrastructure, affordability and skills have caused technology to sometimes
reinforce, rather than alleviate, disparities in African countries.

Digital divide and urban-rural gaps. Access to digital technologies is
highly uneven. Rural areas, the poor, women and less-educated groups are
less likely to use the internet or benefit from digital services. This
divide is much starker in Africa than in advanced economies, where
technology adoption is nearly universal. As a result, new technologies can
benefit urban, educated and higher-income groups the most. This widens
inequalities if not accompanied by robust, inclusive policies.

Mobile leapfrogging, but patchy inclusion. Africa's rapid leap to mobile
phone use has often skipped fixed-line infrastructure. This has brought
financial inclusion and new markets to millions, such as M-Pesa in Kenya.
Still, large parts of the continent remain excluded due to affordability,
lack of electricity, limited digital skills and language barriers.

Economic structure and global value chains. Limited integration into global
value chains and a small high-tech sector mean most jobs on the continent
remain in low-productivity informal work.

Why do the effects differ?

Firstly, late, unequal adoption. The industrial revolution and subsequent
technological advances arrived late and unevenly. Colonial and postcolonial
legacies left Africa behind in both education and infrastructure. This made
it harder for broad segments of the population to benefit from new
technologies.

Infrastructure scarcity forces societies to adopt mobile solutions directly,
bypassing legacy banking but also making them vulnerable to policy shocks.

Secondly, policy and market failures. Inadequate regulation, weak
competition and high costs of devices and data are brakes on digital
transformation. Digital public goods, such as e-government and online
education, reach only connected groups. And digital skills gaps further
entrench the social digital divide.

Imraan Valodia, Pro Vice-Chancellor, Climate, Sustainability and Inequality
and Director, Southern Centre for Inequality Studies, University of the
Witwatersrand

This article is republished from The Conversation Africa under a Creative
Commons license. Read the original article.

Liberian Petroleum Terminal Owners Call for Immediate Action

Liberia's petroleum industry has been plunged into crisis following the
release of the September 2025 petroleum pricing circular, which private
terminal owners say could bankrupt their businesses and wipe out more than
$300 million in investments.

In a unified stance, terminal owners are calling on the government to take
immediate corrective action, warning that the policy not only jeopardizes
their survival but also risks destabilizing the nation's energy security and
investor confidence.

The circular has drastically reduced the storage fee from $0.35 per gallon
to $0.05 per gallon, representing an 86 percent cut. While the measure was
intended to reduce pump prices for consumers, industry stakeholders insist
it has instead increased local fees by $0.07 per gallon, contradicting its
stated purpose.

"This is not just unfair--it is unworkable," a terminal owner said. "No
operator can sustain operations, service debt, and pay employees at this
rate. It will drive companies into insolvency."

Over the last decade, Liberian petroleum terminal owners have collectively
invested over US$300 million in port facilities, depots, fueling stations,
and transportation infrastructure across Liberia. Much of this was financed
through loans from reputable international and local banks.

These loans, owners explained, were approved based on the government's
pricing formula, which included storage fees and financing costs. By
suddenly removing these critical components, the new policy places them in
direct default risk with creditors.

"If this circular is not revised, banks will begin recalling loans, and
Liberian-owned companies will be the first to collapse," warned another
operator. "That will mean job losses, idle infrastructure, and a weakened
supply chain."

Another major concern is the removal of financing costs from the pricing
formula. In Liberia, where interest rates and borrowing costs are among the
highest in West Africa, this exclusion is seen as a fatal blow.

"Commodity trading anywhere in the world requires financing," one
stakeholder explained. "Removing financing costs is commercially unrealistic
and makes operations impossible. This alone could push companies out of the
market."

Terminal owners also raised alarms over what they describe as a systemic
conflict of interest created by the Liberia Petroleum Refining Company's
dual role as both regulator and competitor.

Since entering the market as a player, they argue, LPRC has consistently
introduced regulatory changes that favor its own operations while
undermining private investors.

"You cannot be both referee and player," Liberian terminal owners
emphasized. "Every adjustment they make squeezes private operators while
consolidating their own power."

Liberia already carries one of the highest financing risk profiles in the
region, which makes capital scarce and expensive. Private-sector leaders
fear the September circular will further erode investor confidence,
discourage capital inflows, and undermine efforts by returning Liberian
entrepreneurs to contribute to the economy.

"This policy tells investors that the rules can change overnight and always
against them," a petroleum importer said. "It amplifies Liberia's already
fragile financing profile and threatens broader economic growth."

The LPRC has defended the policy, claiming it will help keep petroleum
prices low for consumers. But terminal owners dispute this, pointing out
that prices are determined by international benchmarks (Platts), in
coordination with importers and the Ministry of Commerce--not by LPRC alone.

"If LPRC truly wants to prove it can lower costs, then open the market and
let all players compete," one terminal operator challenged. "The Liberian
people will see who is really offering the best prices."

LPRC has also claimed that most terminal owners have already paid off their
bank loans. Terminal operators dismissed this as false and misleading,
stressing that all operators still carry obligations to international and
local banks.

"These are multi-year loans that were being repaid based on
government-approved formulas," one operator said. "Changing the rules now
undermines the very repayment structures that banks relied on to lend us the
money."

Terminal owners are now urging President Joseph Boakai's administration, the
Legislature, and the Ministry of Commerce to intervene immediately to
prevent a collapse of the sector.

"This is about more than just businesses," an industry leader emphasized.
"It's about jobs, economic stability, energy security, and investor
confidence. If the government wants Liberia to attract investment, it must
create a fair and predictable environment. We cannot build the economy on
shifting rules that only benefit one player."

The petroleum terminal owners warn that if the circular is not urgently
reviewed, Liberia could face not only company closures but also a future of
reduced competition, higher consumer prices, and dependence on a single
state-run entity.

"This is a defining moment," they concluded. "The government must decide
whether it wants a competitive, investor-friendly petroleum sector or a
state-controlled monopoly that will ultimately fail the Liberian people."

Read the original article on Liberian Observer.

Nigeria: Gov Alia Cautions Traditional Rulers Against Issuing Mining Permits
Without Govt's Approval

Governor Hyacinth Alia of Benue State has warned traditional rulers in the
state to desist from issuing mining permits in their domains without
approval from government.

He warned that his administration would not spare any offender caught in the
act as he would be made to face prosecution.

Governor Alia issued the warning while speaking at the thanksgiving
organized in honour of his appointees from Kwande Local Government Area,
LGA, which is one of the mining hubs in the state.

He stated that his administration "will not tolerate any form of illegal
mining in any part of the state and traditional rulers must desist from
issuing mining permits in any part of the state without the approval of
government."

The governor also reiterated his administration's commitment to
infrastructural development in Kwande LGA and announced plans to construct
additional roads in the area to ease the movement of people and agricultural
produce.

On security, Governor Alia promised to sustain the synergy with the Federal
Government and local authorities to flush out armed herders in the state.

He also warned that those found conniving with armed herdsmen and criminals
to kill the people and plunder communities in the state would be treated as
enemies.

He thanked President Bola Tinubu for his support and love for Benue people
and emphasized that "politics should be centered on development and the
welfare of the people."

The governor also charged his appointees from Kwande LGA to ensure they
remain accessible to their constituents and urged the people to participate
actively in the ongoing Voter Registration Exercise.

The APC leader in Kwande LGA, Prince Moses Ternenge, described Governor Alia
as a true man of God with the interest of the people at heart and urged the
people of Kwande to continue to rally behind him.

The Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice, Prof. Timothy Ornguga,
speaking on behalf of the appointees, pledged their loyalty and unalloyed
support for Governor Alia's administration.

Read the original article on Vanguard.

Africa: United Nations Revises 2026 Regular Budget Proposal, Pairing Cost
Reductions With Initial Reform Measures

The United Nations has finalised the revised estimates for its 2026 proposed
programme budget, outlining more than $500 million in reductions, while also
introducing the first measures of the UN80 Initiative - a wider effort to
make the Organisation more effective and resilient as it marks its 80th
anniversary.

The revised estimates, communicated on Monday to the Advisory Committee on
Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ), propose reductions of 15.1
per cent of resources and 18.8 per cent of posts in the regular budget
compared with 2025. The support account for peacekeeping operations - which
funds the staff and services that backstop UN missions worldwide - is also
subject to reductions in the 2025/26 period.

The ACABQ, a subsidiary organ advising the General Assembly, will review the
proposals before forwarding its recommendations to the General Assembly's
Fifth Committee, where all 193 Member States decide on administrative and
budget matters.

Targeted reductions

In a letter to Member States, Secretary-General António Guterres said the
reductions followed an extensive review of how mandates are delivered and
resources allocated. While ensuring balance among the three pillars of the
UN Charter - peace and security, human rights and sustainable development -
Secretariat entities explored how to improve delivery to optimise the use of
resources. Mr Guterres stressed that the reductions have been carefully
calibrated, and are targeted, not across the board.

Programmes and activities directly supporting Member States, particularly
least developed, landlocked and small island developing States, and advocacy
for Africa's development were shielded from reductions. Support for the
Peacebuilding Fund and the Resident Coordinator system was maintained.
Regional economic commissions will face smaller adjustments, while the
Regular Programme for Technical Cooperation will continue to grow,
strengthening capacity-building support for developing countries.

"Reductions of this magnitude will entail trade-offs. Entities have
identified likely impacts on deliverables - such as narrowed scope, adjusted
timelines or reduced frequency. We will also take mitigation measures to
protect core mandates and service quality, including by prioritising
high-impact outputs, pooling expertise across entities and relying on
virtual modalities and automation," the Secretary-General wrote.

The UN today operates in a world of growing political and financial
uncertainty. In this challenging environment, the UN80 Initiative aims to
create a stronger, more effective United Nations. The revised estimates
reflect this ambition and include proposals to improve how the Organisation
operates.

Reform measures

In this context, alongside the reductions, the revised estimates also
introduce the first set of proposals for the UN Secretariat under Workstream
1 of the UN80 Initiative, focused on management and operations. Measures
include creating new administrative hubs in New York and Bangkok,
consolidating payroll into a single global team across New York, Entebbe and
Nairobi, and relocating some functions from high-cost duty stations such as
New York and Geneva to lower-cost duty stations.

Further savings are planned through real estate. The Organisation will
vacate two leased buildings in New York by 2027, with annual savings
projected from 2028. Collectively, these measures are intended to reduce
duplication, improve quality and safeguard mandate delivery, while meeting
the call from Member States for greater efficiency.

The UN80 Initiative

Launched in March 2025, the initiative is built around three workstreams.

Workstream 1, proposals on efficiencies and management improvements are
reflected for the first time in these revised estimates, with additional
proposals for reform to follow at a later stage.

Workstream 2 on the Mandate Implementation Review, with a report presented
in August now under consideration by a newly established Informal Ad Hoc
Working Group, which meets on 16 September.

Workstream 3 focuses on exploring possible structural and programmatic
realignments through system-wide clusters, with initial proposals expected
to be presented to Member States later this week.

Together, the three workstreams mark a significant reorientation of how the
UN operates, aimed at ensuring the Organisation remains effective, credible
and sustainable, the Secretary-General has said.

Next steps and staff support

The revised estimates will first be reviewed by the ACABQ, which is expected
to hold hearings starting this week. The proposals will then go to the
General Assembly's Fifth Committee, where all 193 Member States negotiate
and decide on administrative and budget matters. A decision is expected by
December.

If adopted, the changes would begin taking effect in 2026 with phased
implementation. Further changes resulting from the various workstreams will
be reflected in future budget submissions.

In a letter to UN staff, Mr Guterres acknowledged that the changes would
affect their daily work and professional lives but assured them they would
not face them alone. "You will be fully engaged and supported throughout the
process," he said, pledging regular communication, opportunities for
consultation, and practical guidance at every stage.

The Secretary-General acknowledged that the choices involved in the revised
budget had been difficult. He said accountability for the decisions began
with him as Secretary-General, but also extended to managers and staff
across the Organisation. He underlined that the changes must be carried out
with fairness, empathy and professionalism, and that everyone has a role to
play in upholding UN values as the process moves forward.

Read the original article on UN News.

Nigeria: Dangote Refinery Launches Cng-Powered Trucks, Dismisses NUPENG's
Monopoly Claim

Aliko Dangote, the President of Dangote Group, has announced the rollout of
his refinery's 4,000 CNG-powered trucks amid allegations of monopoly by the
Nigeria Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas (NUPENG).

Speaking at a press conference to mark the first anniversary since the
refinery began petrol production, Dangote said the trucks will create at
least 24,000 jobs across Nigeria.

NUPENG had earlier accused Dangote Refinery of planning to crush the
activities of Petroleum Truck Drivers.

The union also warned Nigerians against the offer of free nationwide
delivery of petroleum products by the refinery to dispensing stations,
describing the move as a 'Greek gift.'

Reacting to the claim, Dangote said the deployment of his refinery's
CNG-powered trucks, contrary to NUPENG's allegation, is not intended to
displace tanker drivers, but aimed at generating thousands of new employment
opportunities.

"We have not displaced any jobs; we are creating many more. The CNG trucks
will not be operated by robots. Our employees earn salaries three times the
minimum wage. Our drivers receive a living wage, life insurance, health
insurance covering themselves, their spouses, and up to four children, as
well as a lifelong pension. We are not only employing drivers but also
mechanics, fleet managers, and other professionals to support the CNG
fleet."

Dangote urged other industry players to invest in the sector, saying "he
doesn't want to be a monopoly."

On NUPENG's claim that Dangote Refinery denied its workers the right to
enjoy freedom of association and unionisation, the industrialist clarified
that while the company respects trade unions, membership is a personal
choice for each driver.

Following the recent announcement that the refinery is ready to begin free
distribution of petrol to stations at a reduced price, Dangote maintained
that the first batch of CNG-powered trucks has begun taking turns at the
gantry to load petroleum products.

Vanguard News

Read the original article on Vanguard.

Nigeria: Labour Party Supports Legal Backing for Electronic Election Results

The Labour Party (LP) has thrown its weight behind calls for legislation to
support electronic transmission of election results to aid transparency in
Nigeria's electoral process.

Interim National Publicity Secretary of the Senator Nenadi Usman-led party,
Mr. Tony Akeni, stated the party's position in a telephone chat with the
Vanguard, in Abuja, on Monday.

He said, "In this modern era, the sensible thing to do is to take advantage
of technology to improve our electoral process.

"Having legal backing for election results to be transmitted electronically
will be an improvement and will take us away from a repeat of the 2023
tragedy..

"We in the Labour Party also plead with civil soceity, the media and
Nigerians generally to rise up to the challenge of defending their votes.

"We will also use this opportunity to call on the Nigerian Bar Association
to take more than a passing interest in our electoral laws because we can
only practice what ever trade or profession when we have a nation.

"It is not enough to amend our laws, our legal practitioners must ensure
that nation building takes its pride of place in all that they do especially
when handling elections matters." End.

Sent from my iPhone

Read the original article on Vanguard.

Nigeria: We Ended 50 Years of Fuel Queues in Nigeria - Dangote Refinery

President/Chief Executive, Dangote Petroleum Refinery, Aliko Dangote, has
declared that since the refinery began producing petrol a year ago,
Nigeria's five-decade-long struggle with fuel queues has finally come to an
end.

Speaking at a conference to mark the first anniversary of the launch of
petrol from the 650,000 barrels-per-day refinery, Dangote highlighted that
Nigerians have endured persistent fuel queues since 1975. However, this
issue has been steadily resolved since the refinery commenced production on
3rd September 2024.

"We have been battling fuel queues since 1975, but today Nigerians are
witnessing a new era," he said.

Acknowledging the numerous challenges, the refinery has faced since its
inception, Dangote emphasised the company's unwavering commitment to Nigeria
and Africa.

"The journey has been challenging because we sought to transform the
downstream sector in Nigeria. Some believed we were taking food from their
tables, which simply isn't true. What we have done is to make our country
and continent proud. Previously, only two African countries were not
importing petrol, but regrettably, they have since resumed imports. This is
detrimental to Africa," he added.

Reflecting on the challenges faced during the refinery's development,
Dangote disclosed that the project involved enormous risk. He received
repeated warnings from industry experts, investors, local and foreign
government officials, who argued that only sovereign nations undertook such
large-scale refinery ventures. He admitted that had the project failed, he
would have lost all his assets to lenders.

"The decision to build the refinery was not easy. If it had gone wrong,
lenders would have taken our assets. But we believed in Nigeria and Africa,"
he said.

Despite opposition and economic headwinds, the refinery has successfully
reduced the price of petrol from nearly N1,100 before production began to
N841 in the Southwest, Abuja, Delta, Rivers, Edo, and Kwara. With the
gradual rollout of CNG-powered trucks, Dangote anticipates this price
reduction will soon be felt nationwide.

He noted that the refinery has sufficient capacity to meet Nigeria's
domestic demand while also generating foreign exchange through exports. He
revealed that between June and first week of September 2025, the facility
had exported over 1.1 billion litres of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS),
underscoring its capacity to meet domestic demand and contribute
significantly to foreign exchange earnings.

Emphasising job creation, he stated that the refinery has no intention of
displacing workers but is instead generating thousands of new employment
opportunities. The deployment of 4,000 CNG-powered trucks is expected to
create at least 24,000 jobs across Nigeria.

"We have not displaced any jobs; we are creating many more. The CNG trucks
will not be operated by robots. Our employees earn salaries three times the
minimum wage. Our drivers receive a living wage, life insurance, health
insurance covering themselves, their spouses, and up to four children, as
well as a lifelong pension. We are not only employing drivers but also
mechanics, fleet managers, and other professionals to support the CNG
fleet."

Dangote clarified that while the company respects trade unions, membership
is a personal choice for each driver.

He reaffirmed his commitment to Nigeria's industrialisation, describing it
as essential for the continent's development. Dangote emphasised the urgent
need for Nigeria to protect its local industries and discourage the dumping
of cheap foreign goods, citing the collapse of the once-thriving textile
sector as a cautionary example.

He noted that Nigeria's path to sustainable economic growth lies in
industrialisation, which not only boosts local productivity but also
supports a circular economy.

"Other nations were not industrialised by outsiders. We must build and
industrialise our own economies. Without this, how can others invest? That
is why I believe the National Assembly should enact legislation to support
the Federal Government's 'Nigeria First' policy. My goal is to see Africa
prosper, as we have the fastest-growing population in the world. Relying on
imports means exporting jobs and importing poverty. Many individuals with
greater financial resources than myself want to invest, but the challenges
we face discourage them. Numerous sectors are still in urgent need of
industrialisation," he said

He reiterated that with the introduction of CNG trucks, the refinery can
deliver products to consumers anywhere in Nigeria, mitigating all associated
risks.

Dangote reiterated that the refinery remains open to partnerships and
collaborations with other stakeholders in the downstream sector, stressing
that the industry stands to gain more through collective effort and
cooperation.

He also clarified that the refinery has no plans to enter the retail market,
noting that he declined opportunities to acquire filling stations when they
were offered for sale.

Looking ahead, Dangote announced that the refinery's capacity would be
expanded to 700,000 barrels per day in its second year of operation, with
the aim of further supporting economic growth and job creation.

"Nigeria has now become the refining hub of Africa. We are set to become the
largest exporter of polypropylene and are aiming to make Nigeria the world's
leading producer of fertiliser. These initiatives will generate substantial
foreign exchange, create employment, and stimulate growth in other sectors,"
he said.

"We are fully committed to supporting the government in adding value,
creating jobs, and building a stronger economy."

He also expressed his gratitude to the Federal Government, the refinery's
partners, dedicated workforce, and the Nigerian public for their continued
support. In particular, he commended the Independent Petroleum Marketers
Association of Nigeria (IPMAN) for encouraging its members to register for
the free distribution initiative utilising CNG-powered trucks.

Dangote also used the occasion to showcase some of the CNG-powered trucks
currently loading petrol from the refinery, emphasising that the company
will successfully deploy all 4,000 trucks across the country soon. He
allayed any fears of potential attacks on the drivers or the trucks,
stressing that Nigeria is a country governed by the rule of law and that
security agencies are fully empowered to protect its citizens and
infrastructure.

Read the original article on Vanguard.

Nigeria: Federal Government Halts 4% FoB Customs Levy Over Trade
Facilitation, Inflation Concerns

The Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Wale Edun,
has directed the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) to suspend the implementation
of the four per cent Free on Board (FoB) charge.

In a circular titled, "Suspension of the Implementation of 4% FOB Charge by
the Nigeria Customs Service," the Minister said implementation of the 4% FOB
charge posed significant challenges to the Nigerian trade facilitation,
environment and economic stability.

According to the circular dated September 15, 2025, with reference number
F6330/T³/12, signed by the Permanent Secretary, Special Duties of the
Ministry, R. O. Omachi, and directed to the Comptroller-General of Customs,
CG Bashir Adewale Adeniyi, Edun said the suspension will provide an
opportunity for comprehensive stakeholder engagement and a thorough review
of the levy's framework and its broader economic implications.

He stated further that importers and businesses have raised concerns about
the increased financial burden the levy imposes, with potential adverse
effects on inflation, trade competitiveness, and the overall business
climate in Nigeria.

"Pursuant to the powers vested upon the Honourable Minister of Finance and
the Coordinating Minister of the Economy under Part III, Section 12 of the
Nigeria Customs Service Act, 2023 as the Chairman of the Board of Nigeria
Customs Services, I write to direct the immediate suspension of the
implementation of the collection of 4% Free on Board (FOB) recently levied
by the Nigeria Customs Service on all imported goods.

"Following extensive consultations with industry stakeholders, trade
experts, and relevant government officials, it has become clear that the
implementation of the 4% FOB charge poses significant challenges to the
Nigerian trade facilitation, environment and economic stability. Many
importers and businesses have raised concerns about the increased financial
burden this levy imposes, with potential adverse effects on inflation, trade
competitiveness, and the overall business climate in Nigeria.

"This suspension will provide an opportunity for comprehensive stakeholder
engagement and a thorough review of the levy's framework and its broader
economic implications. The Ministry of Finance looks forward to working
closely with the Service and all relevant parties to devise a more equitable
and efficient revenue structure that supports both revenue generation and
economic growth and stability," the letter stated.

The Minister also directed that Customs CG to ensure strict compliance with
the circular.

Read the original article on Leadership.

Nigeria's Inflation Rate Eases to 20.12% in August - NBS

The report said the annual food inflation rate in August 2025 was 21.87 per
cent.

Nigeria's annual inflation rate eased to 20.12 per cent in August from 21.88
per cent in July, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said on Monday.

The statistics office said the August 2025 headline inflation rate decreased
by 1.76 per cent compared to the July 2025 headline inflation rate.

Inflation indicators compare prices of goods and services over 12 months. A
decline does not necessarily imply a reduction in prices; instead, it shows
the rate of price increase had fallen compared to previous months.

On a year-on-year basis, the bureau said the headline inflation rate was
12.03 per cent lower than the rate recorded in August 2024 (32.15 per cent).

This, it said, shows that the headline inflation rate (year-on-year basis)
decreased in August 2025 compared to the same month in the preceding year
(i.e., August 2024), though with a different base year, November 2009 = 100.

The NBS said on a month-on-month basis that the headline inflation rate in
August 2025 was 0.74 per cent, 1.25 per cent lower than the rate recorded in
July 2025 (1.99 per cent).

"This means that in August 2025, the rate of increase in the average price
level was lower than the rate of increase in the average price level in July
2025," it said.

The report said the food inflation rate in August 2025 was 21.87 per cent
yearly. This was 15.65 percentage points lower compared to the rate recorded
in August 2024 (37.52 per cent).

Breakdown

In its inflation report Monday, the NBS said the contributions of items on
the divisional year-on-year level to the increase in the headline index are
food & non-alcoholic beverages (8.05 per cent), restaurants and
accommodation services (2.60 per cent), transport (2.15 per cent), housing,
water, electricity, gas & other fuel (1.69 per cent), education services
(1.25 per cent), health (1.22 per cent), clothing & footwear (1.01 per
cent).

Others are information and communication (0.66 per cent), personal care,
social protection, and miscellaneous goods and services (0.66 per cent),
furnishing, household equipment, and routine household maintenance (0.60 per
cent), insurance and financial services (0.09 per cent), alcoholic beverage,
tobacco and narcotics (0.07 per cent) and recreation, sport and culture
(0.06 per cent).

The NBS explained that the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose to 126.8 in
August 2025, reflecting a 0.9-point increase from the preceding month
(125.9).

It noted that the percentage change in the average CPI for the twelve months
ending August 2025 over the average for the previous twelve-month period was
24.66%, showing a 6.6 per cent decrease compared to 31.26 per cent recorded
in August 2024.

Food inflation

The NBS said the significant decline in the annual food inflation figure is
technically due to the change in the base year.

On a month-on-month basis, it said the food inflation rate in August 2025
was 1.65 per cent, down by 1.47 per cent compared to July 2025 (3.12 per
cent).

It added that the decrease can be attributed to the rate of decline in the
average prices of rice (imported), rice (local), guinea corn flour, maize
flour sold loose, guinea corn (sorghum), millet, semolina, soya milk, etc.

"The average annual rate of Food inflation for the twelve months ending
August 2025 over the previous twelve-month average was 25.75 per cent, which
was 11.24 percentage points lower compared with the average annual rate of
change recorded in August 2024 (36.99 per cent)," the NBS said.

The bureau said in August 2025, food inflation on a year-on-year basis was
highest in Borno (36.67 per cent), Kano (30.44 per cent), Akwa Ibom (29.85
per cent), while Zamfara (3.30 per cent), Yobe (3.60 per cent), and Sokoto
(6.34 per cent) recorded the slowest rise in food inflation on year-on-year
basis.

"On a month-on-month basis, however, August 2025 food inflation was highest
in Kaduna (9.37 per cent), Katsina (9.05 per cent), Akwa Ibom (7.87 per
cent), and while Bayelsa (-9.52 per cent), Sokoto (-8.92 per cent), and
Borno (-8.74 per cent) recorded decline in food inflation on month-on-month
basis," it said.

Read the original article on Premium Times.

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