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p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
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        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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h1
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        font-size:24.0pt;
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h2
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        font-size:18.0pt;
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h3
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        font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;
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h4
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        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
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        font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;
        color:#2E74B5;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;
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h5
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        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:0cm;
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        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
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        font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;
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        font-size:12.0pt;
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p.MsoSubtitle, li.MsoSubtitle, div.MsoSubtitle
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        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:8.0pt;
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        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#5A5A5A;
        letter-spacing:.75pt;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
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        color:#0563C1;
        text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
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        color:#954F72;
        text-decoration:underline;}
p
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        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
address
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        mso-style-link:"HTML Address Char";
        margin:0cm;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
        font-style:italic;}
p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
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        mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char";
        margin:0cm;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:8.0pt;
        font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph
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        margin-top:0cm;
        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:8.0pt;
        margin-left:36.0pt;
        mso-add-space:auto;
        line-height:105%;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst
        {mso-style-priority:34;
        mso-style-type:export-only;
        margin-top:0cm;
        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:0cm;
        margin-left:36.0pt;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        mso-add-space:auto;
        line-height:105%;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle
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        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:0cm;
        margin-left:36.0pt;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
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        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast
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        margin-top:0cm;
        margin-right:0cm;
        margin-bottom:8.0pt;
        margin-left:36.0pt;
        mso-add-space:auto;
        line-height:105%;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
span.HTMLAddressChar
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        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"HTML Address";
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW;
        font-style:italic;}
span.Heading1Char
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        mso-style-priority:9;
        mso-style-link:"Heading 1";
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW;
        font-weight:bold;}
span.Heading2Char
        {mso-style-name:"Heading 2 Char";
        mso-style-priority:9;
        mso-style-link:"Heading 2";
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW;
        font-weight:bold;}
span.Heading3Char
        {mso-style-name:"Heading 3 Char";
        mso-style-priority:9;
        mso-style-link:"Heading 3";
        font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;
        color:#1F4D78;}
span.Heading4Char
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        mso-style-priority:9;
        mso-style-link:"Heading 4";
        font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;
        color:#2E74B5;
        font-style:italic;}
span.Heading5Char
        {mso-style-name:"Heading 5 Char";
        mso-style-priority:9;
        mso-style-link:"Heading 5";
        font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;
        color:#2E74B5;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0
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        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
span.BodyTextChar
        {mso-style-name:"Body Text Char";
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"Body Text";
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
span.SubtitleChar
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        mso-style-priority:11;
        mso-style-link:Subtitle;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#5A5A5A;
        letter-spacing:.75pt;}
span.BalloonTextChar
        {mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char";
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"Balloon Text";
        font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;
        mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.wp-caption-text, li.wp-caption-text, div.wp-caption-text
        {mso-style-name:wp-caption-text;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.meta, li.meta, div.meta
        {mso-style-name:meta;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.cbi-b-summary, li.cbi-b-summary, div.cbi-b-summary
        {mso-style-name:cbi-b-summary;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.cbi-b-date, li.cbi-b-date, div.cbi-b-date
        {mso-style-name:cbi-b-date;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.mh-meta, li.mh-meta, div.mh-meta
        {mso-style-name:mh-meta;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.post-nav-links, li.post-nav-links, div.post-nav-links
        {mso-style-name:post-nav-links;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.p1, li.p1, div.p1
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        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.p3, li.p3, div.p3
        {mso-style-name:p3;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.story-body-text, li.story-body-text, div.story-body-text
        {mso-style-name:story-body-text;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.p2, li.p2, div.p2
        {mso-style-name:p2;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.p4, li.p4, div.p4
        {mso-style-name:p4;
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        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
p.texttext3evx1j1, li.texttext3evx1j1, div.texttext3evx1j1
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        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0cm;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0cm;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
span.EmailStyle45
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:windowtext;}
span.style30
        {mso-style-name:style30;}
span.updated-wrap
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span.updated-text
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span.vjs-control-text
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span.vjs-current-time-display
        {mso-style-name:vjs-current-time-display;}
span.vjs-duration-display
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span.link600907a1
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span.pricechangea4e5ebde
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span.percentchange4644dd7b
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span.nenh5bclitmmlhqori6r
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span.z-TopofFormChar
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span.3vdg7tz3nbnbjk7gdr2y2
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span.2ml6cep2ydeajtymouc70a
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span.z-BottomofFormChar
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        font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;
        display:none;}
span.EmailStyle62
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span.is-hidden
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span.sharing-screen-reader-text
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span.gfieldrequired
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span.EmailStyle66
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle67
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span.EmailStyle68
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle69
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle70
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span.EmailStyle71
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span.EmailStyle72
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span.EmailStyle73
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span.EmailStyle74
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span.EmailStyle75
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle76
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span.EmailStyle77
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span.EmailStyle78
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span.EmailStyle79
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span.EmailStyle80
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.td-post-date
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span.td-nr-views-217783
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span.EmailStyle83
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span.EmailStyle84
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span.EmailStyle85
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span.EmailStyle86
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span.EmailStyle87
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span.EmailStyle88
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span.EmailStyle89
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span.EmailStyle90
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span.EmailStyle91
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span.EmailStyle92
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span.EmailStyle93
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span.EmailStyle94
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span.EmailStyle95
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span.EmailStyle96
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span.EmailStyle97
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span.EmailStyle98
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle99
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle100
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.s-caption-text
        {mso-style-name:s-caption-text;}
span.EmailStyle102
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.il
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span.EmailStyle104
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle105
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle106
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle107
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle108
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle109
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle110
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.social-share-icon
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span.d-ib
        {mso-style-name:d-ib;}
span.pdf
        {mso-style-name:pdf;}
span.EmailStyle114
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle115
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle116
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle117
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle118
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle119
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle120
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle121
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle122
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle123
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle124
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle125
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle126
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span.EmailStyle127
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle128
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle129
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle130
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle131
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle132
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle133
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle134
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle135
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle136
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle137
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle138
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle139
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle140
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle141
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle142
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle143
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle144
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle145
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle146
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle147
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle148
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.cfemail
        {mso-style-name:__cf_email__;}
span.EmailStyle150
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle151
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.entry-meta-date
        {mso-style-name:entry-meta-date;}
span.entry-meta-author
        {mso-style-name:entry-meta-author;}
span.entry-meta-categories
        {mso-style-name:entry-meta-categories;}
span.entry-meta-comments
        {mso-style-name:entry-meta-comments;}
span.EmailStyle156
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle157
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle158
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.post-page-numbers
        {mso-style-name:post-page-numbers;}
span.EmailStyle160
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle161
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle162
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle163
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.apple-converted-space
        {mso-style-name:apple-converted-space;}
span.EmailStyle165
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle166
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle167
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle168
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle169
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle170
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.s1
        {mso-style-name:s1;}
span.EmailStyle172
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle173
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle174
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle175
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle176
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle177
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle178
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle179
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle180
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.s-meta-published-date
        {mso-style-name:s-meta-published-date;}
span.s-meta-views
        {mso-style-name:s-meta-views;}
span.s-meta-comments
        {mso-style-name:s-meta-comments;}
span.EmailStyle184
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle185
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle186
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle187
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle188
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle189
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle190
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle191
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle192
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle193
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle194
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle195
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle196
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle197
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle198
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle199
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle200
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle201
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.a2alabel
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span.EmailStyle203
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle204
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle205
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span.EmailStyle206
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span.EmailStyle207
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle208
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle209
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle210
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.s2
        {mso-style-name:s2;}
span.EmailStyle212
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle213
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle214
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle215
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle216
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle217
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle218
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle219
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle220
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle221
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle222
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle223
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle224
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle225
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle226
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle227
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span.EmailStyle228
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle229
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle230
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.posted-on
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span.byline
        {mso-style-name:byline;}
span.author
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span.EmailStyle234
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        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle235
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle236
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle237
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle238
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle239
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle240
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle241
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle242
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle243
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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span.EmailStyle244
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle245
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle246
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle247
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle248
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle249
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle250
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle251
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle252
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle253
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle254
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle255
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle256
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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span.EmailStyle257
        {mso-style-type:personal;
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        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle258
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle259
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle260
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle261
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle262
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle263
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle264
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle265
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-ZW link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=1010 style='width:757.8pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F2F2F2;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><a href="https://bullszimbabwe.com/"><span style='color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=246 height=120 id="Picture_x0020_8" src="cid:image001.png@01D6FBBE.85AC06D0" alt="cid:image001.png@01D6FBBE.85AC06D0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><a href="http://www.bullszimbabwe.com/"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Bullszimbabwe.com </span></a>      <a href="mailto:info@bulls.co.zw?subject=View%20and%20Comments"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Views & Comments</span></a>       <a href="http://www.bulls.co.zw/blog"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Bullish Thoughts</span></a>       <a href="http://www.twitter.com/BullsBears2010"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Twitter</span></a>        <a href="https://www.facebook.com/BullsBearsZimbabwe"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Facebook</span></a>          <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/pub/bulls-n-bears-zimbabwe/57/577/72"><span style='text-decoration:none'>LinkedIn</span></a>         <a href="https://chat.whatsapp.com/CF6wllAfScU9Wr6dXxoQnO"><span style='text-decoration:none'>WhatsApp</span></a>        <a href="mailto:info@bulls.co.zw?subject=Unsubscribe"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Unsubscribe</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F2F2F2;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:105%'><span class=style30><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Entrepreneurship Zone: 30 October 2023 ::  This NBA agent moved back to Nigeria to build a sportswear brand</span></b></span><span class=style30><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> </span><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F2F2F2;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=804 height=272 id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D7B37E.A17A7F90"></span><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:10.05pt'><td width=1005 rowspan=3 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:10.05pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:3.75pt;margin-bottom:3.75pt;margin-left:36.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:9.0pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#555555'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><em><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>After a career in the US as an agent for some of the top NBA players, Ugo Udezue moved back to Nigeria to eventually start sports and athleisure wear company AFA Sports, short for ‘Africa for Africans’. He talks to </span></em><strong><i><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>James Torvaney</span></i></strong><em><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'> about market dynamics in the local sportswear industry, the company’s marketing and sponsorship strategy, and why it was essential to get a footing in Nigeria before expanding overseas.</span></em><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>You initially moved back to Nigeria to start a basketball league. How did that come about?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>I’ve always been passionate about sports, especially basketball. I moved from Nigeria to the United States in 1996 on a basketball scholarship, and played college basketball as well as for the Nigerian national team. I worked for around 17 years at BDA Sports Management, acting as an agent for some of the top NBA players.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>I moved back to Nigeria in 2016, wanting to build some kind of legacy. I had the vision of starting an Africa-wide basketball league (Udezue founded, and still runs, the Continental Basketball League, with participating teams from Nigeria, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Côte d’Ivoire, Benin and Togo). I didn’t know anything about apparel manufacturing at that point.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>So when did you decide to go into sportswear and create AFA Sports?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>I tried to get apparel sponsorship for the league, but nobody wanted to hear me out – they told me they didn’t see Africa as a viable market. We needed a brand that’s local, to invigorate the local sports pipeline, so I thought, “Why don’t we just start our own brand?”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>So AFA Sports started with ‘humid-resistant’ basketballs. When we started the basketball league we noticed that there were a lot of turnovers (players losing the ball to the opposition before having a chance to shoot). The balls were too slippery because they were designed for air-conditioned gyms, not for the hot, humid environments in Africa. I went to China, and designed and manufactured humid-resistant basketballs that could absorb sweat. Immediately we witnessed fewer turnovers as a result of the new balls.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>The next thing we looked at was shoes. A lot of African basketball players are flat-footed, and traditional basketball shoes don’t work well for them. So we designed something for flat-footed athletes, and everybody loved them. Then we just kept building the AFA Sports brand from there.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>We were pretty naïve at the time. We didn’t know anything about design, warehousing or supply chains; we just started researching online. It was completely organic. If I’d known then how much work it was going to be, and how many friends and opportunities I would lose, I might have been too scared to jump off the cliff!<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>How would you describe the AFA Sports brand?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Our goal is to build a brand that elicits a feel good response – to people inside and outside Nigeria. I want people to see our logo, our brand, and think, “I want to be a part of that”. That’s why our slogan is “this is ours!”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>The brand itself is young and vibrant, but we try to appeal to people across the market. Our target market is very diverse – from ages 18 to 40. We want to offer products for everyone, from everyday basics right up to the high-end of the market.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW'><img border=0 width=800 height=500 id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image006.jpg@01DA0B19.3E790F20" alt="AFA Sports manufactures a wide range of apparel."></span><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>AFA Sports manufactures a wide range of apparel.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Do you think there is a viable high-end sports and athleisure wear market in Nigeria?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>The reason you don’t see a lot of international brands in Africa is that there are misconceptions about the target market, and the number of people that can afford these kinds of products, as well as the huge second-hand clothing market.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>There’s a general lack of data – if you depend on the official information you would think there is no potential market. But the whole of Africa is underserved. A lot of sports brands rely on their Dubai outlets to serve the whole of Africa. The Nigerian market in particular is an anomaly – if you are here, you can see how much champagne is consumed, how many people use iPhones. There are untapped opportunities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>What is your retail and distribution strategy? How important are online channels to AFA Sports?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Currently we have dedicated AFA Sports stores in Lagos – Lekki and FESTAC Town – and Abuja. We also retail in Spar supermarkets across the country, and are investing in further stores, including in Ikeja and Surulere.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>About 40% of our sales come from online – via our website, social media, etc. Ideally we want to get this to 80%. For us digital is the way to go. We live in a society now where customers expect to order and get things immediately. How many people want to sit in traffic in Lagos just to go to a store and buy a piece of clothing?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>So we’ve been working with some digital marketers, working on our supply chain so that customers can order off the website and have their clothes delivered in Lagos the same day, or latest the next day.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>I think in the next three to four years we are going to see the online commerce space explode in Nigeria.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>But it’s not just Nigeria, right? You also sell internationally?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>We ship to around 10 countries. We are working with fulfilment centres in Europe and the United States to reach more customers.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>There is a huge diaspora opportunity. Something like two out of every five black people in the United States are Nigerian, or have Nigerian descent. It’s not only a huge demographic, but it’s also very economically powerful.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>But we are not limiting ourselves to just the Nigerian diaspora. Anybody who is Africa-conscious, who understands the African heritage, is a potential customer. Right now, Nigeria is driving cultural changes across the entire black community. We want to be part of this African renaissance that is happening around the world right now.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>How different is it operating in the US compared to Nigeria?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>It’s a total mindset shift, a whole different perspective. In Nigeria, we are the market leader, the most visible brand, and can set the trends ourselves. In the United States, we cannot compete with the biggest players. We have identified our niche, and we stick to that.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Do you think it was necessary to build up a following in Nigeria first before you went internationally?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Definitely! Authenticity is key – coming from Africa, being African. If you look at music, it’s the homegrown artists like Burna Boy that are doing well, and selling out massive arenas.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>If we had started in the United States and expanded into Africa, we wouldn’t have had that authenticity. We would just be another brand. We wanted to get a stronghold in the Nigerian market first.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>A year ago, I couldn’t have afforded to leave the Nigerian processes on auto-run, but now they are in place and the Nigerian operation is a well-oiled machine. We feel that now is the right time to move beyond the continent.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW'><img border=0 width=800 height=534 id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image007.jpg@01DA0B19.3E790F20" alt="An AFA Sports outlet in Lagos."></span><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>An AFA Sports outlet.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>AFA Sports sponsored the Nigerian men and women basketball teams, as well as being the official outfitters for the Nigerian Olympic team at the Tokyo Games in 2021. How do these sponsorships tie into your growth strategy?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Like I mentioned, it’s really important for us to be authentic, and one of our core objectives is to be a big part of the African grassroots sports scene. So we sponsor local teams and events. We want to take over the sports industry in Africa, to be everywhere – not just basketball, but football, cricket, and other sports.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Being the first African brand to kit out an Olympic team was an important step, but I don’t think we have even tapped into 1% of the overall sponsorship opportunities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>What are some of the trends you have seen in the sportswear industry in Nigeria, and in Africa more generally?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>The sportswear market is actually still relatively small – athleisure wear is our biggest market. It’s a big growth market in Africa. We have our own line we call Afrileisure – it’s our take on traditional African clothing that is more breathable, easier to maintain, and that you can take to the gym.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Globally, business is becoming more casual. Even in Nigeria. The brand really got big during the Covid lockdown, when people were not having to go to the office. Before lockdown, nobody thought it was a good idea to produce clothing locally.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Another thing that’s different about the Nigeria markets is that most of our customers are men, even if they are buying the clothes for females. This is different to developed markets where women spend more on clothing. The women’s clothing market is quite confusing in Nigeria – we still don’t understand it fully.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Where are your products made?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Everything we sell, we design and produce in Nigeria. We have different factories, and it’s a mix of mechanised production and by-hand. I’d never done manufacturing before starting AFA Sports – it took a team of six people about six months of experimentation to understand how the manufacturing would work.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>At one point we had over 30 full-time staff and 500 tailors. Now we are much more leaner and effective – we have around 10 staff, and have outsourced a lot of operations.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Highlight some of the biggest challenges you have faced.</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Human resources. Finding the right people, and establishing the right chemistry, is tough. Especially when you are a start-up, and you lack the professional structures or comfortable life of the big companies. People usually prefer to go into the oil and gas industry, or to multinationals or banks. Start-ups are a lot of hard work, and it can be really hard to get people to see your vision.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>How is AFA Sports funded? Have you raised money from external investors?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>All our funding is internal. We have received opportunities but are being meticulous about who we work with. We are not just looking for funding, but we are looking for partners that can help us expand globally. We can be sustainable without funding but hoping to raise soon, and that will allow us to grow quicker.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h4 style='mso-margin-top-alt:18.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.5pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height:initial;font-size:1.25rem;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased'><b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>What are your plans for the future?</span></b><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></h4><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>Our vision is bigger than just selling clothes and shoes. Our vision is projecting a different image about Nigeria, and Africa. We want to be the biggest sports brand in Africa.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white;box-sizing: border-box;font-size:0.975rem'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>I see exponential expansion over the next few years. We have grown quite carefully up until now. We have never run any television or billboard advertisements. Everything has been word-of-mouth. I was worried about whether our supply chain could cope. The next 10 years are going to be huge. We have only scratched the surface.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW'><img border=0 width=800 height=515 id="Picture_x0020_4" src="cid:image004.jpg@01DA0B19.3E790F20" alt="Ugo Udezue, founder of AFA Sports"></span><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Ugo Udezue, founder of AFA Sports<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.4pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black'>--Howwemadeitinafrica<span style='letter-spacing:.3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ana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW'><img border=0 width=278 height=110 id="Picture_x0020_5" src="cid:image005.png@01D6FBBE.85AC06D0" alt="cid:image005.png@01D6FBBE.85AC06D0"></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-left:36.0pt;line-height:115%;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-ZW'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:10.05pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#1F497D;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#1F497D;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:white'>DISCLAIMER: This report has been prepared by Bulls ‘n Bears, a division of Faith Capital (Pvt) Ltd for general information purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy or subscribe for any securities. The information contained in this report has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable, but no representation or warranty is made or guarantee given as to its accuracy or completeness. All opinions expressed and recommendations made are subject to change without notice. Securities or financial instruments mentioned herein may not be suitable for all investors. Securities of emerging and mid-size growth companies typically involve a higher degree of risk and more volatility than the securities of more established companies. Neither Faith Capital nor any other member of Bulls ‘n Bears nor any other person, accepts any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from any use of this report or its contents or otherwise arising in connection therewith. Recipients of this report shall be solely responsible for making their own independent investigation into the business, financial condition and future prospects of any companies referred to in this report. Other  Indices quoted herein are for guideline purposes only and sourced from third parties.</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F2F2F2;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=top style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F2F2F2;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'>(c) 202<span style='color:#1F497D'>3</span> Web:</span><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><a href="http://www.bullszimbabwe.com"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'> www.bullszimbabwe.com </span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'>Email: </span><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><a href="mailto:info@bulls.co.zw"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>info@bulls.co.zw</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> Tel: +263 4 2927658 Cell: +263 77 344 1674<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td width=1005 valign=bottom style='width:753.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid white 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#F2F2F2;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></td><td width=6 style='width:4.4pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:105%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></body></html>